DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

heiii... disini juga ad loh, materi tentang kalimat langsung dan tidak langsung.
gak hanya di pelajaran bahas Indonesia saja, di bahasa Inggris juga ada loh..
yuk tengok kesini materinya...
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
A. Direct Speech
Direct speech referd to reproducing another person’s exact words o saying exactly what someone had said (sometimes called quated speech)
Here what a person says appers within quatation marks (‘’...’’) and should be word for word.

B. Indirect Speech
Indirect speech resroducing the idea of anather person’s word doesn’t use question mark to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word foe word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech.

TENSE CHANGE
• When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because whwn we use reported speech, we are usually talking about atime in the past (because pbviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have ro be in the past too.
• Note : reporting verbs that are usually used ti report imperative sentence are : tell, other command, ask, warn, remind.

Present Simple
Past tense
Direct : Iis said ‘’ I eat fried chicken’’.
Indirect : Iis said that she ate fried chicken.

Past Simple
Past Perfect
Direct : Mother said ‘’ I want to market yesterday’’
Indirect : Mother said (that) she had gone to market the day before.
Future Simple
Past Future
Direct : Dheppy said ‘’ I will buy a notebook next week’’.
Indirect : Dheppy said (that) she would buy a notebokk the week after.

Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Direct : Sinta said ‘’ I’m playing badminton ‘’
Indirect : Sinta said she was plating badminton.

Past Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Direct : She said ‘’ I was teaching earlier’’
Indirect : She said she had been teaching earlier.

Noun phrases

 Ini dia noun -> kata benda...
for detail. CLICK HERE !

HAPPINESS EXPRESSION

Expressing happiness is that we show when we are happy or glad.

We can expressing happiness with :
¤ Word.
¤ Gesture. Kind of expressing happiness :
¤ I like.
¤ I love.
¤ I'm statisfied with ……
¤ I'm pleased with ……
¤ Congratulation.
¤ I'm very happy because ……
¤ Well down.
¤ That's fantastic !
¤ That's good !
¤ That's great !
¤ That's wonderfull !
¤ That's exciting.
¤ I'm so happy for you.
¤ I'm happy to hear that.
¤ I'm glad to know that.
¤ I'm so happy to know it.
¤ My happiness for you.
¤ I'm very happy with you.

Example of happiness expression:
Ione : I get the birthday present from my mother, yesterday !
Edhep : Fantastic! This great.

ANNOUNCEMENT

Hei...hei ada pengumuman...
but in here, akan aku jlaskan scra detil,sesuai dengan yang aku tau aja sih...
hehe

Announcement is something said, written or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.
In writing an announcement, keep the following points :
· The title/type of event.
· Date/time.
· Place.
· Who to contact.

Example

or

VOCABS

What that vocab ?
Apa coba? ada yang tau?? mungkin ada yang tau dan tidak, tapi lebih baik lihat sini, biar yang tidak tau jadi tau...
yuk..yuk mari....

A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge.

PAST TENSE

Past Tense apa yaa itu ?
Ya elah, koq aku lupa yaa, itukan termasuk Tenses. Dan aku baru ingat past tense itu ada hubungannya sama kenangan-kenangan atau memoriku dulu, kaya waktu SMP gitu deh,hihihi...
nah, yuk...yuk kita tengok peelasan yang lebih lengkap lagi disini..
:)

Definition Of Past Tense

1. Simple Past Tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past
The pattern :
(+) Subject + verb II + complement
(-) Subject + did not + verb II + complement
(?) Did + subject + verb I
The examples :
(+) I went to Tangkiling yesterday
(-) I did not go anywhere last night
(?) Did you go last week?
Adverbs used :yesterday, last night, last week, two days ago, e few minutes ago, last weekend, last month,last year, in 1984, etc.

2. Past Continuous Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain time in the past
The pattern :
(+) Subject + was/were +verb-ing+ complement
(-) Subject + was not/were not+verb-ing+ complement
(?) was/were+ subject + verb-ing+complement
The examples :
(+) He was writing a letter at eight o’clock last night
(-) He was not writing a letter at seven o’clock last night
(?) Were you writing a letter at eight last night?

adverbs used :
at the time like this yesterday, at seven o’clock last night, etc.

3. Past Perfect Tenseis a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till in a certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened

The pattern :
(+) Subject + had+verb III+cmplement
(-) Subject + had not+ver III+complement
(?) Had + subject +verb III+complement
examples :
(+) We had eaten before they came
(-) They had not eaten before we came
(?) Had they eaten before we got back?
Adverbs used :
from 1998 to 1999, once, twice, etc.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Sadar dan ingat gak temen-temen smua with Simple Present Tense ?
Dari SD, SMP, SMA pun simple present tense selalu muncul di setiap pelajaran bahasa inggris.Kenapa yaa???
kayanya kita udah tau kalau simple present tense kan, cara kita berbicara ,menulis dan mendengar bahasa inggris dengan baik dan benar.
Betuk tidakkk..???
Now, look here for understand about simple present tense.

DEFINITION
The simple present or present simple is one of the two present tenses used in modern English, the other being Present continuous.
There two kinds of simple present tense :

1. NOMINAL SENTENCE
(simple present tense without verb)
Formula :
(+) S + Tobe + Adj/Noun/Adv
(-) S + Tobe + not + Adj/Noun/Adv
(?) Tobe + S + Adj/Noun/Adv ?

Example :

(+) They are tired
(-) They are not tired
(?) Are they tired ?

(+) I am sick
(-) I am not sick
(?) Am I sick ?

(+) She is a teacher
(-) She is not a teacher
(?) Is she a teacher ?

2. VERBAL
(simple present tense with verb)
Formula :
(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C ?

There are three important note:
1. For the 3 rd person singular (she, he, it) we add “s” or “es” to the main verb (only for positive tense).
With most verb, the 3 rd person singular form is created simply by adding – S. However, with some verb, you need to add –ES change the ending a little.
Here are the rules :
Verb ending in ... How to make the 3 rd person singular Example
s Add -ES He passes
z Add -ES She apologizes
sh Add -ES She wishes
ch Add -ES He watches
Consonant + y Change Y to I, then add -ES It flies
2. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
3. For the verb tobe, we do not use an auxiliary, even for question and negative sentences.

Example :

(+) Reza studies internet
(-) Reza does not studies internet
(?) Does Reza studies internet?

(+) Mira, Caca, Try and Wawan walk together
(-) They do not walk together
(?) Do they walk together?

(+) Saras and I play badminton every week
(-) We do not play badminton every week
(?) Do we play badminton every week ?

The some frequency that use in simple present tense :
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Never
- Sometimes
- Seldom

Examples :
- I always remember you
- They are usually here
- We often eat in restaurant
- I never cry
- She sometimes forgets
- He seldom studies

Uses of present simple:
We uses the present simple for describes general truths, facts and scientific laws.
Example : the earth moves round the sun.

- We use the present simple for direction.
Example : the earth moves round the sun.

- We us the present simple for direction.
Example : you come out of the station.
Then you turn tight.

- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
Example : I watch TV every nigth.

- We use the present simple for things that are true and that normally happe
Example : Children like playing.

- We use the present simple for things which you like or dislike.
Example : He dislike novel

- We use present simple for permanent situation
Example : He lives in Tokyo.

- We use the present simple for procedures,
Example : He interview boys.

- We use the present simple for perceptions.
Example : The food smells good.

Nah,udah ngertikan tentang simple present tense dan cara mempraktekannya di kehidupan sehari-hari .
Dan ini akhir materi yang bersangkut paut dengan SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE.